Snow tires articles

Pickwick may refer to:

• the novel The Pickwick Papers by Charles Dickens, or its main character, Mr Pickwick,
• Pickwick, a theatre musical based on the Dickens novel,
• Pickwick, a fictional dodo in Jasper Fforde’s novels about Thursday Next, likely named after the Dickens character, or
• Pickwickian syndrome, a medical disease named from the Dickens novel.
• Pickwick Records, a record label
• Pickwick Landing in the U.S. state of Tennessee
  • Pickwick Landing State Park
  • Pickwick Landing Dam
  • Pickwick Lake
• Pickwick tea
• Pickwick Theatre in Park Ridge, Illinois
• Pickwick Video

In motoring terms, a skid mark is the mark a tire makes when a vehicle wheel loses traction and skids on the surface of the road. Skid marks are caused by rubber being deposited on the road, much like that of an eraser leaving bits on a paper.^[1] Skid marks can also come about when a car suddenly accelerates on a slippery surface, or takes a hard corner. Some have purported that skid marks are the temporary melting of the road surface. This is not true as can be evidenced by skid marks made on concrete by a bicycle, with children often having competitions about who can create the longest skid mark. The rubber of car tires heats up with sliding friction, degrades and disintegrates at the road-tire interface, and is deposited on the road surface.

Accident Reconstruction

Such marks are important evidence for vehicular accident reconstruction, when their size and shape can reveal much about vehicle speed and braking forces. They are one form of trace evidence. They represent a form of contact evidence produced according to Locard’s exchange principle. The length of the skid mark is usually closely related to the vehicle speed at the instant of braking, so measuring the marks yields an estimate of original speed.

See also

• Forensic Science
• Forensic engineering
• Trace evidence

The Institute of Commonwealth Studies, abbreviated to ICS, was founded by the University of London in 1949 to promote academic study of the Commonwealth of Nations and its constituent countries. It became part of the School of Advanced Study in 1994. It is currently housed at 27-28 Russell Square, Bloomsbury, but there are plans to move it out of this grade II listed building into nearby Senate House during 2008.

The institute has a library containing 190,000 items and over 140 archive collections, including material by Ruth First and other anti-apartheid campaigners. It offers several postgraduate programmes, including an MA in human rights, and is a major international centre for studying the history, politics, sociology and law of anglophone Africa, the anglophone Caribbean and other areas formerly part of the British Empire.

External links

• Institute of Commonwealth Studies

CTOL is an acronym for Conventional Take-off and Landing, and is the process whereby conventional aircraft (such as passenger aircraft) take off and land, involving the use of runways. The aircraft will taxi along the runway until its rotation speed is reached, then climb into the air. During landings, the aircraft will touch the ground while still traveling at a significant forward velocity.

Seaplanes, instead of using runways, use water.

In typography, a bullet is a typographical symbol or glyph used to introduce items in a list, like below, also known as the point of a bullet:

• This is the text of a list item. Notice the bullet to the left.
• This is a different list item, and so there is another bullet.
  This line is part of the second list item; there is no bullet.

Bullets are most often used in technical writing or reference works to introduce a series of related items. They may be short phrases or of paragraph length. The main point is that all need to be tied together under a general heading. Bulleted items, commonly called “bullets”, are not usually terminated with a full stop if they are not complete sentences, although it is also a common practice (for example, in Portugal) to terminate every item except the last one with a semicolon. It is correct to terminate a bullet point with a full stop under circumstances where more than one sentence makes up the contents of the bullet point.

The bullet corresponds to Unicode character 0×2022. In HTML, the codes &bull; and • give • and •, respectively, but semantics requires that bulleted items be achieved with the appropriate use of the <li> tag inside an unordered list (<ul>).
Unicode also defines a triangular bullet (U+2023).

It is likely that the name ‘bullet point’ originated from the resemblance of the mark to a bullet.

Bullets are not limited in shape to a black dot, as displayed above. A typical word processor, such as Microsoft Word, offers a variety of shapes including diamonds, check marks, and arrows; many in full color. Of course, when writing by hand, bullets may be drawn in any style.

Prior to widespread use of word processors, bullets were often denoted by asterisks, and several word processors automatically convert asterisks to bullets if used at the start of line.

A number of regular symbols are conventionally used as bullets in text-based systems, such as - (dash), * (asterisk), . (period), and even o (lowercase O). When saving or copying HTML bullets into text format, Mozilla Firefox saves bullets as asterisk, lowercase O, plus, and number sign in order of bullet depth. The asterisk (*) is used to indicate bulleted list items in Wikipedia markup as well as in many other Wikis.[1]

On many windows systems (or more) you can Press and hold the Alt while pressing 7 for a •

The Velocity XL is the eXtra Large version of the canard pusher aircraft from Velocity Aircraft. Available in 4 seat or 5 seat (the -5 version) configurations, this aircraft offers spacious, high performance long distance stylish cruising. Powered by either a or Lycoming IO-540 engine, the XL offers a cruising range of and a 75% power cruising speed of air speed.

This airplane in standard or -5 configuration is available as both fixed gear and retractable gear.

See also

• Velocity SE
• Rutan Long-EZ
• Rutan VariEze
• Rutan Defiant
  
• Berkut aircraft
• Cozy MK IV

External links

• Velocity aircraft
• Building Velocity XL RG N724X

Tangeh Savashi is a popular tourist attraction in Iran.

Located 15 kilometers west of Firouzkouh, 9 kilometers north of the Firouzkouh-Damavand road in Tehran Province, it is a mountain pass narrow of the Alborz range. The narrow gorge has been created by a year round stream of water originating from a series of waterfalls upstream.

The stream also provided a small hilly area within the mountains with lush grazing land. Until recently the area was populated by various wildlife and the Qajar king Fath Ali Shah maintained a hunting lodge there.

To commemorate his hunts, Fath Ali Shah ordered the carving of a relief in the mid way point of the pass. The remains of a Qajar guard tower also remain at the top of one of the mountain passes.

Today, the relief is a popular tourist attraction and the location is also highly popular among Trekking and Hiking fans.

See also

• Tehran Province
• Damavand city
• Rudehen
• Tehran
• Fath Ali Shah Qajar
• Qajar Dynasty

External links

• Photos of Firuzkooh Road

823 Sisigambis is an asteroid belonging to the Flora family in the Main Belt. Its diameter is about 17 km and it has an albedo of 0.179 ^[1]. Its rotation period is unknown but appears to be greater than at least 12 hours^[2][3].

External links

• Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets

The Heinkel He 343 was a four-engined jet bomber project, based on an enlarged Arado Ar 234 design.

Four versions were planned: the He 343A-1 bomber, the A-2 reconnaissance aircraft, and the A-3 and B-1 Zerstörer types.

Twenty aircraft were ordered in early 1944, but late in the year the project was cancelled. There are rumoured that one aircraft was completed, but it was destroyed before it could be test-flown.

Word Ladder is a word game invented by Lewis Carroll, the author of books such as Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass. It was originally known as a “doublet” or “word-links“.

Rules

The player is given a start word and an end word. In order to win the game, the player must change the start word into the end word progressively, creating an existing word at each step. To do so, the player can do one of the following on each step.

• Add a letter
• Remove a letter
• Change a letter
• Use the same letters in different order (an anagram)

Example

In this example, the player is given the start word peaks and the end word roman.

peaks
speak     (different letter order)
peak      (removed a letter)
peat      (changed a letter)
meat      (changed a letter)
mat       (removed a letter)
man       (changed a letter)
mane      (added a letter)
mine      (changed a letter)
miner     (added a letter)
minor     (changed a letter)
manor     (changed a letter)
roman     (different letter order)

Process

Usually, the best and quickest way to change one word into another is to simplify the start word into a three-letter word (there are many in the English language), change that three-letter word into a word that suits the needs of the player and then build on it until the end word is achieved.

Others

Generally, some scoring system is used to favour few-word transitions over many-word transitions, so a word ladder with fewer words gets more points than one with a lot of them, provided they have the same start and end words.

Some other versions of the games only allow letters to be changed (that is, no adding or removing letters or changing letter order—this version has been called word golf) or demand that the end word has some kind of relationship with the start word (synonymous, antonymous, semantic…). This was also the way the game was originally devised by Lewis Carroll when it first appeared in Vanity Fair. [1] Gutenberg project article

Notes

External links

• Word Chains - free online version of word ladders
• Free WordLadder Program at http://www.ihsan.biz/word.html#wordladderDesc

The magic wheel, or magnetic wheel is a wheel that continues to spin for a time, after being started, as if by magic. This device was invented in medieval Bavaria. It looked like a wagon wheel spinning on an axle, affixed to a base. The superstitious people of the time believed it spun by the power of magic.

The secret of the magic wheel was magnets (lodestones), not magic. Several large magnets were affixed to the wheel’s outside rim, like the seats of a ferris wheel. Each magnet was backed by a lead plate ’seat’. An extra stationary magnet was affixed to the base. Each magnet on the wheel’s rim was attracted to the magnet in the base. The attraction (between the wheel and base) causes the wheel to turn on its own. Each magnet was attracted in turn to the magnet in the base, as it passed over it. The magnets were not allowed to touch one another.

Incorrectly deemed by some to be a perpetual motion machine, the magic wheel eventually comes to a stop because of frictional losses at the central bearing. Proponents of “free energy” devices have advanced the theory that the lead plating interrupts the magnetic attraction between the rim magnets and the stationary magnet in sequence, thus permitting the wheel to continue turning and bring the next rim magnet into position. This reasoning is nonsensical for two reasons. Lead does not block magnetic fields, and even if it did, considerations of symmetry quite straightforwardly imply that no interaction between rim magnets and the stationary magnets could generate the net increase in energy necessary to keep the wheel rotating.

The magic wheel was an impressive invention for the Dark Ages, a time when even some European kings were illiterate. An early German woodcut depicts a magic wheel.

See also

• History of perpetual motion machines

Blue Area directs here, for the Marvel Comics universe location see Blue Area of the Moon.

The Blue Area is the commercial and business hub of Islamabad, Pakistan. It is called the “Blue Area” because it was represented in a colour blue in the original design of the planned city. The area is actually a corridor that runs along Islamabad’s Kayban-e-Quaid-e-Azam, Islamabad’s primary arterial road which leads up to the main government buildings. The Blue Area has recently received a significant amount of foreign direct investment. Recently, construction began on The Centaurus, a multi-purpose complex in the Blue Area which will include residential and office towers, and a luxury hotel.

Hud may refer to:

• Hud (prophet), an Islamic prophet, also known as Eber
• Hud (sura), the eleventh sura of the Qur’an, which contains an account of the prophet Hud
• Hud (film), a 1963 film starring Paul Newman
• Huddersfield, a town in West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

HUD may refer to:

• Head-up display, a visual display technology for fighter airplanes, cars and others
  • HUD (computer gaming), a method of visually representing information in computer and video games
• United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, a division of the US Federal Government

Ambrose Monk is a fictional character on the USA Network television series Monk. He is played by John Turturro.

Ambrose is the brother of Adrian Monk, the main character. He suffers from agoraphobia. He can be seen in two episodes, “Mr. Monk and the Three Pies”, and “Mr. Monk Goes Home Again”, and has a romantic interest in Natalie Teeger, Adrian’s assistant.

Ambrose writes owner’s manuals for many different consumer products in multiple languages which he taught himself. The house he lives in is cluttered with his work, piles of newspapers, and filing cabinets which are stuffed with his father’s mail spanning the entirety of his father’s absence.

Biography

He blames himself for the death of Adrian’s wife, Trudy. At Ambrose’s request, Trudy was out buying him cough medicine when she was murdered by a car bomb. Guilt-ridden, Ambrose avoided all contact with Adrian for seven years after the incident.

When Adrian and Ambrose were children, they (or at least Ambrose) shared a strong bond with their father. This may have been due to his strict rules, such as not ever entering his office, and the boys’ social seclusion, causing a sort of dependency. For unknown reasons, their father left when they were still young. Ever since, Ambrose has been obsessed with the idea of his return, even to the point of preparing a dinner plate for him every night, just in case. Adrian feels differently, believing his father will never return. However, their father showed up at Ambrose’s doorstep to leave a note.

The relationship between Ambrose and Adrian parallels that of Mycroft and Sherlock Holmes. While Ambrose has a great admiration for Adrian’s success in criminology and for the level of normality of Adrian’s life (i.e.- going out into the world and marrying), he believes that detective work is less cognitively taxing than his own profession of writing multi-lingual instructional manuals. Ambrose himself has been shown to possess deductive skills that surpass Adrian’s (who is considered to be the greatest detective in the state of California and possibly the world). Mycroft Holmes also possessed greater innate abilities (intellect and deductive insights), but was held back by his laziness, such as Ambrose is paralysed by his profound phobias that are even more severe than Adrian’s. He has left his house only twice so far, once it was on fire and once he was in an ambulance.

For the Chinese city, see Siping (city)

Siping is a process of cutting thin slits across a rubber surface to improve traction in wet or icy conditions.

Siping was invented and patented by John Sipe in the 1920s. Sipe worked in a slaughterhouse and grew tired of slipping on the wet floors. He found that cutting slits in the tread on the bottoms of his shoes provided better traction than the uncut tread.

The process was not applied to vehicle tires on a large scale until the 1950s, when superior tread compounds were developed that could stand up to the siping process. On roads covered with snow, ice, mud, and water, sipes usually increase traction. A US patent to Goodyear claimed sipes improve tire traction as well, and tend to close completely in the tire “footprint” on the road. A 1978 study by the US National Safety Council found siping improved stopping distances by 22 percent, breakaway traction by 65 percent, and rolling traction by 28 percent on glare ice[1].

Tire tread block shapes, groove configurations, and sipes affect tire noise pattern and traction characteristics. Typically, wide, straight grooves have a low noise level and good water removal. More lateral grooves usually increase traction. Sipes are small grooves that are cut across larger tread elements. Up to a point, more sipes give more traction in snow or mud.

As is often the case, there are compromises. Winter tires, and “mud and snow” tires, may have thousands of sipes and give good traction. But, they may feel “squirmy” on a warm, dry road. Treadless racing “slicks” on dry roads give maximum traction. These have no sipes, no grooves, and no tread blocks. They also have very poor traction on wet surfaces. Tire manufacturers use different tread rubber compounds and tread designs for different tires’ usages.

Large sipes are usually built into the tread during manufacturing. Sipes may also be cut into the tread at a later date, called “microsiping”. Bandag developed a machine for microsiping which places a curved knife blade at a slight angle on a rotating drum. The drum is placed so when it is pressed against the tread the tire is pressed into an exaggerated hollow, as if driving down a rail. The drum is lubricated and rotated and the knife makes a series of diagonal cuts across the tread. For improved traction, the tire may be siped twice, leaving diamond-shaped blocks. A significant problem with field siping is that the tread picks up rocks, glass, and other hard road debris in use, and even with thorough cleaning the knife service life is often poor.

Microsiping can dramatically improve tire traction in rain and snow. However, microsiped tires may also have increased road noise and tire wear when operated on dry surfaces.

In Massachusetts in the 1970’s, it was legal to operate a school bus with bald tires, provided they were double microsiped.

Both Bridgestone and Michelin sell snow tires that are siped at the factory, while Saf-Tee Siping and Grooving sells machines that can sipe most standard vehicle tires. Siping can also be done by hand. Be aware that siping the tires can void the manufacturer’s warranty.

External links

• Toyota Tech: Siping Tires – a how-to for siping tires by hand
• Karl Trek: Tyre Siping
• Racing Tire Preparation Siping and Grooving - American Racer Tires.
• Consumer Reports: How safe are worn tires?
• Racing Tire Prep Information Siping generates tire heat

Tire bead is the term for the edge of a tire that sits on the wheel. Wheels for automobiles, bicycles, etc. are made with a small slot or groove for the tire bead to sit in. When the tire is properly inflated the air pressure within the tire keeps the bead in this groove.

It is common amongst drivers of off-road vehicles to decrease the air pressure in their tires. This makes the tread of the tire spread out, creating more surface area for the tire’s tread to grip the terrain. If the pressure is too low there may not be enough pressure to keep the bead on the wheel thus causing the bead to pop off the wheel. This is often referred to as “losing a bead”. Beadlocks, which clamp the bead on the wheel, are often used in this case. Dreadlocks, despite their similar spelling, are unrelated.

The Density Contrast is a parameter used in galaxy formation to indicate where there are local enhancements in matter density.

<math>\Delta=\frac{\partial\varrho}{\varrho}</math>

It is believed that after inflation, although the universe was mostly uniform, some regions were slightly denser than others. As the horizon distance expanded, the enclosed causally connected (i.e. gravitationally connected) masses increased until they reached the Jeans mass and began to collapse, which allowed galaxies, galaxy clusters, superclusters, and filaments to form.

May Company may refer to:

• May Department Stores, A defunct retail company acquired by Federated Department Stores in 2006.
• May Company California, A defunct California department store that merged with J. W. Robinson’s to create Robinsons-May.
  
• May Company Ohio, A defunct Ohio department store which was merged into Kaufmann’s
• J.W. Mays Company, A defunct discount store based in New York reincarned as as a real estate company.

The Suzuki Boulevard S50 is a motorcycle manufactured by Suzuki and released in 2005. It features an 800 cc v-twin engine with four valves per cylinder.

It was formerly named the Intruder (VS700, VS750, VS800).

For the song by Erasure, see Chains of Love (Erasure song).

“Chains of Love” was a single released from singer Terry Ronald’s 1991 album Roma. The single was released in February 1991.

Track listing

This is the track listing from the released single.

European CD single

1. “Chains of Love” (Ronald/Lowis)
2. “Slaves” (Ronald/Hallawell)
3. “For What It’s Worth” Featuring Linda Lewis (S Stills)

Robot locomotion is the study of how to design robot appendages and control mechanisms to allow robots to move fluidly and efficiently. What might theoretically seem a simple matter like negotiating stairs has proved rather difficult in practice. In recent years, researchers have increasingly relied on motion capture studies of insects and other organisms to hone their designs. Some military researchers have chosen to skirt the problem entirely by using pre-existing Segway bodies.

Robots can be developed to be biped, despite the difficulties. See Honda’s ASIMO.

Statically stable locomotion

(See Hexapod (robotics), Tripod gait, Rodney Brooks)

Dynamically stable locomotion

See

• Passive dynamics
• Asimo
• Zero Moment Point

True dynamic running

(See Marc Raibert)

Stunts

(See Jessica Hodgins)

Walking on rough terrain

(See Boston Dynamics)

Running on rough terrain

(See “Running on rough terrain”)

See also

• Marc Raibert
• Rodney Brooks

Aviat Aircraft Inc. is an American service facility and manufacturer of sport and utility aircraft based in Afton, Wyoming. The company president and owner is Stuart Horn, he acquired the company in 1996.

Aircraft models

• Husky
• Pitts Special
• Eagle II - kitplane

External links

• Aviat Aircraft Inc.

The angular diameter of an object as seen from a given position is the diameter measured as an angle. It can be calculated using the formula:

<math>\delta = 2 \arctan \left( \frac{1}{2}\,d / D \right)</math>,

in which <math>\delta</math> is the angular diameter, and <math>d</math> and <math>D</math> are the diameter of and the distance to the object, expressed in the same units. When <math>D</math> is much larger than <math>d</math>, <math>\delta</math> may be approximated by the formula <math>\delta = d / D</math>, in which the result is in radians. However if you are so close to an object (of spherical shape) that the horizon is not a great circle, then the angular diameter can be found with the formula:

<math>\delta = 2 \arcsin \left( \frac{1}{2}\,d / D \right)</math>,

In astronomy the size of objects in the sky are often measured in terms of their angular diameter as seen from Earth, rather than their actual size.

The angular diameter of Earth’s orbit around the Sun, from a distance of one parsec, is 2″ (two arcseconds).

The angular diameter of the Sun, from a distance of one light-year, is 0.03″, of the Earth 0.0003″.

The angular diameter of a person on the opposite side of the earth is approximately 0.03″[1].

This table shows the angular sizes of noteworthy Solar System bodies as seen from the Earth:

• Betelgeuse: 0.049″ – 0.060″
• Alpha Centauri A: ca. 0.007″
• Sirius: ca. 0.007″

This meaning the angular diameter of the Sun is ca. 250,000 that of Sirius (it has twice the diameter and the distance is 500,000 times as much; the Sun is 10,000,000,000 times as bright, corresponding to an angular diameter ratio of 100,000, so Sirius is roughly 6 times as bright per unit solid angle).

The angular diameter of the Sun is also ca. 250,000 that of Alpha Centauri A (it has the same diameter and the distance is 250,000 times as much; the Sun is 40,000,000,000 times as bright, corresponding to an angular diameter ratio of 200,000, so Alpha Centauri A is a little brighter per unit solid angle).

The angular diameter of the Sun is about the same as that of the Moon (the diameter is 400 times as large and the distance also; the Sun is 200,000-500,000 times as bright as the full Moon (figures vary), corresponding to an angular diameter ratio of 450-700, so a celestial body with a diameter of 2.5-4″ and the same brightness per unit solid angle would have the same brightness as the full Moon).

Even though Pluto is physically larger than Ceres, when viewed through the Hubble Space Telescope, Ceres has a much larger apparent size.

Non-circular objects

Many deep sky objects such as galaxies and nebulas are non-circular and are thus typically given two measures of diameter: Major Diameter and Minor Diameter. For example, the Small Magellanic Cloud has a visual apparent diameter of × .

See

also

• Angular resolution
• Apparent size

Aviat Aircraft Inc. is an American service facility and manufacturer of sport and utility aircraft based in Afton, Wyoming. The company president and owner is Stuart Horn, he acquired the company in 1996.

Aircraft models

• Husky
• Pitts Special
• Eagle II - kitplane

External links

• Aviat Aircraft Inc.

Lip tricks in skateboarding are performed on half-pipes, quarterpipes and mini ramps. They are tricks that require different varieties of balance on the “lip” of the ramp. The first lip trick done was by Jay Adams.

Lip tricks

Axle stall

An axle stall is a stall on both trucks of a skateboard. It is used commonly to regain composure before performing another trick or to “drop in” on a ramp. Essentially a stationary 50-50.

Bean Plant

A frontside footplant while grabbing the board like a lien air.

Blunt to Fakie

The back truck is placed over the lip of the ramp and the tail is placed on the lip, appearing like a stationary blunt stall, hence the name. A small ollie is then performed to come off the lip and ride back down the ramp in fakie. You can also do a small 180 ollie out, if you ollie out frontside you get a frontside blunt stall, and likewise for a backside 180. Originally, this trick was pulled back in with a variety of grabs. The “ollie blunt” as it was originally called was possibly invented by Tom Knox.

Crailtap

A crailtap is a tail stall but done while holding the boards nose.

Dark stall

Stalling on a coping or edge while having the board be upside down so the grip side is touching the ground.

Disaster

Invented by the “Master of Disaster” Duane Peters, this trick is where the skater rotates 180 degrees and lands in the center of his board with the front trucks facing towards the ramp and the back trucks over the lip. The skater then leans forwards to return back in the ramp. Essentially a stationary lipslide. A variation is the dark disaster, where the skater performs a half-flip into a position that resembles the disaster. As getting back out of this position is very tricky, this is considered a very advanced trick.

Egg Plant

This invert differs from others in that the front hand is on the coping, while the back hand is grabbing like an Indy.

Feeble

Much like the 5050 however the front truck extends over the coping or top of the ramp

Frontside Invert

Another Invert where the front hand is on the coping, rather than the back hand. The back hand grabs like a frontside air.

Good Buddy

A fakie invert. Popularized and possibly invented by Mike McGill.

Ho-Ho

An Invert to Egg Plant in. This is where both hands are on the coping at the same time at one point during the trick, enabling the person to walk on their hands if so desired. The ho-ho was conceived by Neil Blender, but first done by either Jeff Kendall or Steve Schneer.

Iceplant

A lip trick where the rider grabs the nose of the board with his leading hand then, while keeping his back foot on the board, plants their front foot on the coping or edge of the ramp while turning backside - essentially a backside bean plant. Possibly invented by John Lucero. Popularized by Ali Boulala.

Inverts/Handplants

This is a complex lip trick where the skater grabs his board and plants a hand on the coping so that they are balancing upside down on the lip of the ramp. Many variations as to where the board is grabbed and how the legs are arranged make for a number of different tricks of this type. Examples are: Eggplant, Andrecht Invert, Gymnast Plant, Sadplant, and One Foot Invert.

Layback Air

An invert-like trick done frontside while grabbing slob and placing the back hand on the coping. Essentially an invert done frontside, but it is NOT known as a frontside invert or an eggplant. Variations: varial, to tail, layback roll around, layback roll around to tail.

Miller Flip

An invert in which you flip all the way around into the fakie position. invented by [ [Darrell Miller] ].

New Deal

Invented by Neil Blender. Essentially a nosepick snapped off into a disaster. Can also be done while grinding, then sliding.

Nose blunt

Like the blunt to fakie, only a 180 degree turn is done at the top of the ramp so the nose is used in the same fashion as the blunt stall. A nollie is then done to come back into the ramp.

Nose pick

An overcrook stall. This trick is sometimes grabbed for re entry. May be done B/S or F/S.

Nose stall

A trick where the skater reaches the top of the transition, leans on the skateboard’s nose atop the ramp, and drops back in switch. Most skaters find this easier to do switch because it is pretty much a simple stall to drop-in.

Pivot

An axle stall on only the back truck. Essentially a stationary 5-0. A pivot to fakie is performed when the skateboarder goes down the ramp backwards.

Pogo

Any air straight up and then landing in a rock and roll. Popularized by Craig Johnson, who would do them 5 feet or higher.

Pop Drop

Essentially a Tail Stall done on a ledge and popping out of it onto the ground/bank. Variations can include flips with it.

Rock and Roll

Similar to the Rock to Fakie only a quick 180 is done as you come off the lip so that you don’t ride fakie. The frontside variation is much harder and is considered one of the most stylish lip tricks.

Rock and Roll to fakie

This is a quick, common and easy lip trick performed mostly to link tricks together on mini ramps. The front truck is placed over the lip of the ramp and then the board is “rocked” slightly before coming back down backwards (fakie).

Sad Plant

An invert with the skaters front leg boned vertically

Smithvert or Smith plant

An regular invert where the board is tweaked in a backside rotation so that the legs are almost crossed, with the toes of the back foot touching the tail. Invented by Mike Smith.

Staple Gun

A rider rides straight up and off the ramp while placing the back foot on the coping. The board is then stomped down onto the platform with the front foot and pulled back into the ramp toward the back ankle. Hopping of the back foot and back onto the board, the rider rides away fakie.

Stelmasky Plant

An invert where the front hand grabs the back rail in between the heels. Invented by Mike Stelmasky.

Supernova

A 180 nose pivot to a Rock and Roll. The nose pivot and Roll should both be spinning in the same direction so as to complete a full 360 degree spin. This is sometimes easier accomplished fakie to avoid riding down switch. Invented by Alex Chmielinski.

Sweeper

Similar to a lein-to-tail. A fronstide nose grab foot plant, where the back foot is taken off and rests on the coping. Variation: Creeper - a crail grab sweeper. Invented by Duane Peters.

Tail Block

Usually done backside; grab the nose with the front hand while carving backside and stall parallel to the coping at the peak of the carve having only the edge of the tail resting on the coping.

Tail Stall

Similar to a nose stall only on the tail. Essentially a stationary tailslide. The most common form of dropping in on a ramp is to start off in tail stall. also used to curb backward momentum when coming to the lip fakie, without losing speed .

Texas Plant, Tex Plant or Texas Two Step

Go up to the lip frontside and take the back foot off and plant it on the coping, while grabbing like a slob air and extending the front leg. Invented by Texas skate master John “Tex” Gibson.

Thruster

A fakie tail grab foot plant, where the back foot boosts off the coping. Can be done straight up and down, or moving across the coping. Invented by Duane Peters, popularized by Craig Johnson.

Tuck-knee Invert

An invert that is grabbed like a Japan Air and tweaked severely, sometimes with the nose of the board hitting the helmet.

Woolly Mammoth

An unusual trick invented by Neil Blender. A fakie frontside invert to a noseblunt that is several inches behind the coping, while the back hand is still grabbing the board, and the front hand is still on the coping.

The Delineator (subtitled “A Journal of Fashion, Culture, and Fine Arts”) was an American women’s magazine that was published from 1873 until 1937. It was published by the Butterick Publishing Company. At the turn of the century, it had become the premier women’s fashion magazine in the U.S.

The Delineator featured the Butterick sewing patterns and provided an indepth look at the fashion of the day. Butterick also produced quarterly catalogs of fashion patterns in the 20s and early 30s.

External link

• http://www.magazineart.org/main.php/v/womens/delineator/

Paddle tires are mainly used on off road vehicles, specifically designed for use in sand. They consist of a smooth tire core which has a series of large rubber cups (or paddles) attached to it. The volume inside of a paddle is much larger than the void of a knobby tire, so it is unlikely to clog up with sand. The paddle provides superior traction in the sand, in part, because the paddles dig into the sand and push off from the buried sand, not just the surface.

Paddle tires are available for motocross bikes, all-terrain vehicles, sandrails, and 4 wheel drives. Because the paddles are rigid and stick up several inches, they are not suitable for use on roads or hard terrain.

A handling package is a set of functional enhancements to the suspension of a vehicle, sold and priced as a unit.

This package may contain one or more of the following enhancements

• Harder suspension bushings
• Enhanced shock absorber, which will usually have stiffer valving which may be locally or remotely adjustable
  
• Stiffer front anti-roll bar
• Rear anti-roll bar
• Special wheels and tires, typically with lightweight wheels of increased diameter and low profile tires offering greater resistance to side forces

See also

Hyundai Department Store, together with Lotte Department Store and Shinsegae, is one of the three major department store chains in South Korea. It has 14 locations and more than $340 million in annual sales.

Its parent company is the Hyundai Department Store Group.

Stores

• Apgujeong main store, in Seoul
• World Trade Center store, in Seoul
• Chunho store, in Seoul
• Shinchon store, in Seoul
• Mia store, in Seoul
• Mokdong store, in Seoul
• Jungdong store, in Gyeonggi-do
• Ulsan store, in Ulsan
• Ulsan Dong-gu store, in Ulsan
• Busan store, in Busan
• Gwangju store, in Gwangju

External links

• Hyundai Department Store

Nico DiDonna (born on 5 August 1964 in Noicattaro) is an Italian fashion designer who moved to London during the ’80s, graduated from London College of Fashion with a degree in tailoring and went on to exhibit his first collection at the Business Design Centre, Islington. Since then he has created his own label and opened a men’s fashion boutique in the heart of Soho, London, called NICO-d. His label has been picked up by individual boutiques world-wide.

External links

• Nico-D collections. Official site for Nico DiDonna’s 2006-2007 collections.

A tire iron (tyre iron in British English) is a specialized metal tool used in working with tires that have inner tubes.

Tire irons usually come in pairs and are used to pry the edge of a tire away from the wheel it has been mounted on. After one iron has pried a portion of the tire from its wheel, it is held in position while a second iron is applied further along the tire to pry more of the tire away from the wheel. This allows enough of the tire to be separated so that the first iron can be removed, and used again on the far side of the other iron. Alternating in this way, a person can work his way all the way around the tire to fully remove it from the wheel, in order to reach the tube that sits inside.

Tire irons have not been in common use for automobile tires since the shift to the use of tubeless tires in the late 1950s. The term is now often used to refer to a lug wrench, which is included along with a spare tire and jack on most new cars. Bicycle tire irons are still in use for those tires which have a separate inner tube, and can have a hooked C-shape cut into one end of the iron so that it may be hooked on a bicycle spoke to hold it in place. These are, however, more often referred to by bicycle mechanics and enthusiasts as tire levers rather than irons, presumably because those used on bicycles are now often made from plastic instead of metal.

Due to their weight, tire irons also appear as weapons in many stories, including Going to See Georges by Glendon Swarthout, the Hardy Boys series, and in a song by the Australian grindcore group Blood Duster, Raped With a Tyre Iron.

Bicycle tire irons

A tire lever is a tool for removing or replacing tires on wheel rims. It is sometimes called a tire iron, though this is less common when referring to bicycle tire levers, as they are often made of plastic, not metal.

Tire levers for bicycle tires have one end that is tapered and slightly curved. The other end is usually hooked so that it can be hooked around a spoke to keep the tire bead free of the rim at one point, allowing a second lever to be manipulated forward, progressively loosening a larger segment of the tire bead from the rim.

A common feature of tire levers is the lack of sharp edges. The slightest pinch of an inner tube by a lever can weaken or puncture it. It is good practice to examine a set of tire levers for any sharp edges and file them smooth and round. Classically tire levers were made of metal. However plastic ones are now manufactured which are even less sharp and less likely to puncture the tube. There are also some single lever varieties, which can be popped under the bead at one point then quickly pushed around the rim to pop the bead off.

Tire levers are not necessary or desirable in all cases. In many cases, the tire can be reinserted on the rim, and sometimes removed from the rim, without the use of tire levers. This reduces the chance of puncture caused by pinching the tube between the rim and the tire bead. Sometimes they are used to fit the tire back on, but this can be done without the levers.

The oboe reed is the double reed required to be placed into the top of an
oboe in order to produce a typical oboe sound. In some rare cases, such as music by
PDQ Bach, the reed is unnecessary to produce the tone requested by the composer.
Oboe reeds are made by a blank step process requiring numerous specialized tools. All tools are purchasable from oboe specialty shops.

Required Tools

• Tube Cane (Arundo Donax)
• Cane splitter
• Cane diameter gauge
• Small guillotine
• Oboe cane pregouger
• Oboe cane gouger
• Easel
• Razor blades
• Oboe cane shaper
• Reed Knife (beveled, double hollow ground, vitry)
• Sharpening stone
• Mandrel
• Staple
• Ruler with millimeters
• EE or FF Nylon string
• Plaque
• Pencil
• Cutting block

Preparing cane

The cane is soaked in water 20 minutes. Oversoaking will ruin the cane. The initial steps of splitting the cane,
cutting pre-gouging, gouging are rather straight forward using the above equipment. Shaping the
cane is done by folding the cane using the easel, then placing the cane around the shaper. The
extra cane overlapping the outside of the shaper tip is removed using a razor blade. Cane can be
purchased in any of these previous stages. If you want more similar reeds it is best to do these steps yourself so that the same machines are always used.

Assembling

The staple is placed on the mandrel. The cane is placed on the staple making the length of the
reed anywhere from 70 to 75 millimeters. Tie the string on a firmly stationary object, such as
a table. Wrap the string tightly around the cane starting at the end of the staple and moving
downward, stopping at the larger segment usually covered with cork. At this point, the reed is
called a blank. Now from 68 millimeters and above, thin the tip a lot. Clip the tip, so that the cane is split into two separate pieces, by placing the tip on the cutting block and cutting straight down with your reed knife. Most oboist find they make a better finished reed if they allow the blank to dry and stabilize overnight. The cane has been severely altered from its original state and can break or warp if continued at this point.

Scraping

Assuming you have allowed the cane to stabilize, soak the cane tip of your blank in luke warm
water for a few minutes. Damp cane is more plyable and less likely to crack. Once soaked, slip
the plaque in between the two blades. The shiny coating on the cane is called bark. Lightly
scrape the bark off the reed from string to tip, using your reed knife. Oboe reeds have different
parts that you will need to carve. You will need to make a tip, heart, two windows and a spine.
Taking your ruler, measure off the sections of your reed. You should place a pencil mark at the
points the tip and heart should start. Below is a diagram of the scrape most used in America. It shows the dimensions to use.

Examples of the finished reed

American long scrape diagram

European short scrape diagram

Adjustments

Since every reed is different it is important to adjust it by playing on it. Just using the
exact dimensions is not enough. To test your reed place it in your mouth with your lips touching
the string. When you blow you should hear a ‘C’ with other notes around it. This is called a
crow. If you hear something lower than a ‘C’ your reed is going to be flat. This usually means
your reed is still too long. If you hear something higher your pitch will be sharp. There could
be a multitude of reason for sharpness. If you do not hear the harmonics with the ‘C’, or you
can not get the ‘C’ to speak, you have not made the tip of the reed thin enough for it to respond
to the vibrations produced by your airstream.

Conclusion

Reed making is talent which takes years to master. John Mack, former principal of the
Cleveland Orchestra says “You will not know how to make a good reed until you have filled a
laundry basket with bad ones.” Once you have mastered the initial skills your reeds will still
always be prone to problems. No two pieces of cane are alike. Each will have good
qualities and bad. Altitude, humidity and temperature will always affect your reeds drastically.

A driver wrapper is software that functions as an adapter between an operating system and a driver, such as a device driver, that was not designed for that operating system. It can enable the operating system to use technologies for which no native implementation exists.

Windows driver wrappers for Linux

Several open source software projects allow using Microsoft Windows drivers under another operating system, such as Linux.

Examples include network drivers for wireless cards (such as NdisWrapper) and the NTFS file system (see Captive NTFS).

The common thread among these examples is the use of wrapper technology, which allows execution of the drivers in a foreign environment.

The term political statement is usually used to refer to any act or non verbal form of communication that is intended to influence a decision to be made for or by a group.

A political statement can vary from a mass demonstration to the wearing of a badge with a political slogan on. It was a term popularised in the 1960s but still has some currency.

In film production, a negative pickup is a contract entered into by an independent producer and a movie studio wherein the studio agrees to purchase the movie from the producer at a given date and for a fixed sum. Depending on whether the studio pays part or all of the cost of the film, the studio will receive the domestic, international, DVD and/or TV rights to the film, with net profits split between the producer and the studio.

A canny producer will usually cover all his costs and even make a small profit before production has even begun. But financing of the production up until its completion date is the responsibility of the producer—if the film goes over budget, the producer must pay the difference himself or go back to the studio and renegotiate the deal. This happened on the films Superman, The Empire Strikes Back and Never Say Never Again.

Most negative pickup contracts (either from studios or networks) are bankable at pretty much dollar for dollar (less fees). So, while the studio technically doesn’t pay the producer until the film negative is officially deliverered (thus “negative pickup”), the producer can nonetheless get a bank loan against a negative pickup contract, which helps the producer to pay for production of the film. Studios, on the other hand, typically don’t like their contracts being factored at banks or (even worse) shopped around to investors/financiers. So (from the studios perspective) it’s best to have all the pieces in place before coming to them for a negative pickup. Thus the conundrum: a lot of investors and foreign buyers won’t pre-buy a film unless it has U.S. distribution, and the studios don’t want to guarantee distribution unless the film is already financed. The same dilemma applies when trying to attach talent, or join a union or guild.

Whitewall tires are tires that have a stripe of white rubber on the outer sidewalls. The early tires were made with rubber that is naturally white. However, the white rubber did not offer sufficient traction and endurance so carbon black was added to the rubber used for the treads. This resulted in tires with both sidewalls of white rubber. Next came the tires built with all black rubber and white rubber was added to make the whitewalls. The original whitewalls featured an entirely white sidewall. Modern whitewall tires often have a thin white stripe, or white raised lettering identifying the tire manufacturer and tire model.
Such tires were made with a full strip of white rubber under the black. The raised white letters were revealed by buffing the cured tire sidewall.
The black covering strip was made of Neoprene (polychloroprene) to avoid staining.

Classic vehicles have usually been optioned with wide whitewalls - it was popular during the pre and post-war era, only to resurface in the 1970s as a limousine trademark and within the pimpmobile culture. Although wide whitewalls are rare on modern automobiles, they are still manufactured by specialty outlets and/or classic car restoration companies such as Diamond Back Classics, Coker Tire and Vogue Tyre Company. Some companies manufacture wide whitewall inserts - the Portawall inserts are usually sold through VW Beetle restoration companies. (Port-A-Walls should not be used with radial tires due to the flexing of the sidewall that creates friction and rubbing between the port-a-wall and the tire )

Wide Whitewalls were popular on classic cars produced 1961 and earlier, lowrider and Cadillacs. Beginning with the 1962 Chevrolet Impala SS the whitewalls were reduced to 1″ wide with black between the rim and the whitewall. Modern trends toward more minimal styling, and large rims favoring low-profile tires leave little room for a whitewall. With the introduction of the new “retro”-styled Ford Thunderbird, Chrysler PT Cruiser, and Chevrolet HHR, wide whitewalls are again becoming popular. They are also an avalibale factory option on the Lincoln Town Car.

Gallery

Other cars with whitewall tires:

Epistomological Despondency is the first studio album by British doom metal band Esoteric. The album was released in 1994 as a double CD through Aestetic Death records. It was remastered in 2004

Track listing

Disc one

1. “Bereft” – 20:24
2. “Only Hate (Baresark)” – 2:41
3. “The Noise of Depression” – 18:59

Disc two

1. “Lamented Despondency” – 12:37
2. “Eradification (Of Thorns)” – 7:19
3. “Awaiting My Death” – 26:07

Credits

• Bryan Beck – Bass guitar, fretless bass, effects and bass synth
• Gordon Bicknell – Lead guitar, effects, samples, synth
• Greg Chandler – Vocals, effects
• Simon – Lead guitar, effects, samples
• Stuart – Guitar, effects
• Darren – Drums

William Sharp Bush was an officer in the United States Marine Corps during the War of 1812.

Born in Wilmington, Delaware, Bush was appointed Second Lieutenant in the Marine Corps 3 July 1809. He lost his life while serving aboard Constitution, when he fell mortally wounded while attempting to board the frigate Guerriere 19 August 1812.

He was posthumously awarded a silver medal by the United States Congress. His silver medal was presented to his nearest male relative, Lewis Bush Jackson, in early 1835.

Two destroyers have been named USS Bush for him.

References

is one of the nation's top competitors in the sport of drifting. Born in Okinawa, Japan, but raised in Los Angeles, he was taught by his father Tsukasa Gushi at the age of 13 with a Toyota AE86. Ken has become the youngest competitor in both the D1 Grand Prix of Japan and the Formula Drift Championships of the U.S. despite not passing his driving test at the time. Finishing the 2004 Formula Drift season with his Nissan 240sx, Ken jumped into the Ford Racing backed Mustang GT in the 2005 series, finishing off the year in 3rd place overall, and winning the third round of the season in Houston, Texas to become Formula D’s first Japanese-born event winner.

He attended Gabrielino High School in San Gabriel, California and Don Bosco Technical Institute in Rosemead, California.

In 2007 he participated in the Forza Motorsport Showdown piloting the Royal Purple Team 350Z.

• Formula D profile

Traditor, or traditore, is a term meaning people who had handed over. This refers to bishops and other church leaders who turned over sacred scriptures or betrayed their fellow Christians to the Roman authorities under threat of persecution. During the persecution of Diocletian between 303–305 A.D., many church leaders had gone as far as turning in Christians to the authorities and had handed over sacred religious texts to authorities to be burned. Later some traditors would be returned to positions of authority under Constantine, sparking a split with the Donatist movement.

While many church members would eventually come to forgive the traditors, the Donatists were much less forgiving. They proclaimed that any sacraments celebrated by these priests and bishops were invalid. They refused to accept the sacraments and spiritual authority of the priests and bishops who had fallen away from the faith during the persecution. As a result, many towns were divided between Donatist and non-Donatist congregations.

The sect had particularly developed and grown in North Africa. Constantine, as emperor and non-Christian, began to get involved in the dispute, and in 314 A.D. he called a council at Arles in Gaul, modern France; the issue was debated and the decision went against the Donatists. The Donatists refused to accept the decision of the council. Their distaste for bishops who had collaborated with Rome came out of their broader view of the Roman empire.

The word traditor comes from the Latin transditio from trans (across) + dare (to hand, to give), and is the source of the modern words traitor and treason. The same derivation, though with different context of what is handed to whom, gives us the word tradition.

See also

• Agonistici
• Novatianism
• Donatist
• Anabaptist

Crumb rubber is generally manufactured from automotive and truck scrap tires. During the manufacturing process steel and fluff is removed leaving tire rubber with a granular consistency. Continued processing with a granulator, cracker mill, possibly with the aid of cryogenics, reduces the size of the particles further. The particles are sized and classified based on various criteria including color (black only or black and white), magnetically separated, and removal of fluff. The granulate is sized based on a passing through a screen with a size based on a dimension (1/4″) or mesh (10, 20, etc.)

Mesh refers to material that has been sized by passing through a screen with a given number of holes per inch. For example, 10 mesh crumb rubber has passed through a screen with 10 holes per inch resulting in rubber granulate that is slightly less than 1/10th of an inch. The exact size is based on the size of wire used in the screen.

Rubberized asphalt is the largest market for crumb rubber in the United States, consuming an estimated 220 million pounds, or approximately 12 million tires annually. Crumb rubber is also used as ground cover under playground equipment, and as a surface material for running tracks and athletic fields.

Description of crumb rubber grading:

The following are common classifications of crumb rubber:

Retreaders Tire Buffings shall consist of clean, fresh, dry buffings from tire retread preparation operations.

No.1 - Tire Granule shall consist of granulated tire crumb, Black Only Guaranteed MetalFree, sized. Magnetically separated materials are not acceptable. Fluff from tire cord removed.

No.2 - Tire Granule shall consist of granulated tire crumb, Black & White Guaranteed MetalFree, sized to minus 40 Mesh. Magnetically separated materials are not acceptable. Fluff from tire cord removed.

No.3 - Tire Granule shall consist of granulated tire crumb, Black Only Magnetically Separated, sized. Fluff from tire cord removed.

No.4 - Tire Granule shall consist of granulated tire crumb, Black & White Magnetically Separated, sized. Fluff from tire cord removed.

No.5 - Tire Granule shall consist of unclassified granulated tire crumb, Sized, Unseparated, not magnetically separated, fluff from tire cord not removed.

References

Mario Tennis is a sports video game series that began in 1995 with Mario’s Tennis for the Virtual Boy. In the vein of other Mario sport games, it features Mario and his all-star cast competing in a game of tennis. Since its second generation on the Nintendo 64, each successive generation features a console and a handheld version and all of them developed by Camelot Software Planning.

Series

1. Mario’s Tennis — (Virtual Boy, August, 1995).
2. Mario Tennis — (Nintendo 64, August 28, 2000).
3. Mario Tennis — (Game Boy Color, January 16, 2001).
4. Mario Power Tennis — (GameCube, November 8, 2004).
5. Mario Tennis: Power Tour — (Game Boy Advance, December 5, 2005).

Playable Characters

The GBC version also features original characters, some of which can be uploaded to the N64 version (using a Transfer Pak). The players’ stats can also be uploaded to the N64 game from the GBC game. The uploadable characters are:

• Alex
• Harry
• Nina
• Kate

In the GBA version, there is no GCN-GBA compatibility, meaning that people would not see the two main characters from the GBA version on the GameCube:

• Clay
• Ace

Other characters, NPCs are unlockable for play in both the GBC and GBA games

Character Types

The All Around players have the best balance. The Technique have the greatest control over the ball’s direction. The Speed players are the fastest. The Power players are the strongest, but slowest movers. The Tricky players have the worst balance, but can pull opponents off-target when the computer uses them. Starting in Mario Power Tennis, a defensive class was added. Defensive players have long arm reach.

The LVT-5 (Landing Vehicle, Tracked) was a family of amphibious armoured fighting vehicles used by the United States Marine Corps. It was first accepted into service in 1956, and saw action in the Vietnam War. 1,124 units were produced.

It was an evolution of the Landing Vehicle Tracked series, and was replaced in service by the LVT-7 family.

The most common was the LVTP-5, an armoured personnel carrier, with mine-sweeper, command, recovery and fire support variants, the latter mounting a 105 mm howitzer. An anti-aircraft version was prototyped, but never saw service.

Variants

• LVTP-5 (Landing Vehicle Tracked, Personnel) - armoured personnel carrier.
• LVTC-5 (Landing Vehicle, Tracked, Command) - command vehicle.
• LVTH-6 (Landing Vehicle, Tracked, Howitzer) - fire support variant armed with 105 mm howitzer. 210 units built.
• LVTR-1 (Landing Vehicle, Tracked, Recovery) - recovery vehicle. 65 units built.
• LVTE-1 (Landing Vehicle, Tracked, Engineer) - mine-sweeper. 41 units built.
• LVTAA-X1 (Landing Vehicle, Tracked, Anti Air) - anti-aircraft variant, to be fitted with the turret of the M42 Duster. Only prototype built.

External links

• Federation of American Scientists
• LVTP5 Museum page
• American Fighting Vehicle database

A parade lap, also know as a formation lap or warm-up lap, is a lap before an autoracing race begins, in which the drivers go around the track at a slow speed (usually between 30 and 70 MPH), and, in some cases, behind the safety car. The lap is to ensure that track conditions are safe, and that there are no dangerous problems with the cars (including the safety car) or the circuit. The parade lap either leads to a rolling start, or back to the grid.

The parade lap is best-known for its use in Formula One and other Formula sports. In Formula sports, the parade lap is often important as it allows the cars to warm up their tires, which is crucial in order to be competitive during the race. Drivers will often attempt to warm up the tires more quickly during the lap, by steering slowly from side to side.

The Helikon vortex separation process is an aerodynamic uranium enrichment process designed around a device called a vortex tube. This method was designed and used in South Africa for producing reactor fuel with a uranium-235 content of around 3–5% in addition to making 80–93% enrichment for the weapons program. The Uranium Enrichment Corporation of South Africa, Ltd. (UCOR) which developed the process operated a facility at Valindaba (known as the ‘Y’plant) to produce hundreds of kilograms of HEU. Aerodynamic enrichment processes require large amounts of electricity and are not generally considered economically competitive as it has high specific-energy consumption and substantial requirements for removal of waste heat. The South African enrichment plant has apparently been closed.

Process

In the vortex separation process a mixture of uranium hexafluoride gas and hydrogen is injected tangentially into a tube, at one end through nozzles or holes at velocities close to the speed of sound. The tube tapers to a small exit aperture at one or both ends. This tangential injection of gas results in a spiral or vortex motion within the tube, and two gas streams are withdrawn at opposite ends of the vortex tube; centrifugal force providing the isotope separation. The spiral swirling flow decays downstream of the feed inlet due to friction at the tube wall. Consequently, the inside diameter of the tube is typically tapered to reduce the decay in the swirling flow velocity. This process is characterized by a separating element with very small stage cut (ratio of product flow to feed flow) of about 1/20 and high process-operating pressures.

Due to the extremely difficult plumbing required to link stages together, the design was developed into a cascade design technique, called Helikon in which 20 separation stages are combined into one module, and all 20 stages share a common pair of axial-flow compressors A basic requirement for the success of this method is that the axial-flow compressors successfully transmit parallel streams of different isotopic compositions without significant mixing. A typical Helikon module consists of a large cylindrical steel vessel housing the 20 separator assemblies, along with two compressors (one mounted on each end), and two water-cooled heat exchangers.

The advantages of this process are the lack of criticality concerns due to the highly diluted feedstock and its suitability for batch processing. This latter ability means plants can be relatively small, making this technology a nuclear proliferation concern.

See also

• South Africa and weapons of mass destruction
• Nuclear reprocessing
• Nuclear fuel cycle
• Nuclear power

External links

• Aerodynamic Process for Uranium Enrichment
• Uranium Enrichment Technologies: Proliferation Implications
• South Africa’s Nuclear Weapons Program

In computer programming, a statement block (or code block) is a section of code which is grouped together, much like a paragraph; such blocks consist of one, or more, statements. Statement blocks help make code more readable by breaking up programs into logical work units.

In C, [[C++]], Java and some other languages, statement blocks are enclosed by braces {}. In Ada, Pascal, and some other languages, blocks are denoted by “begin” and “end” statements. In Python they are indicated by indentation (the Off-side rule). Unlike paragraphs, statement blocks can be nested; that is, with one block inside another. Blocks often define the scope of the identifiers used within.

Blocks often have subtle but important differences in semantics. In languages in the C tradition, they define identifier scope. In C++ they can be used to define object lifetime (creation and destruction). In some languages (such as Pico) they are merely used for grouping expressions without notions of variable scope. In languages such as Smalltalk, blocks are objects in their own right, extended with a reference to their environment of definition, i.e. closures.

A typical statement block

int main()
{
  return 0;
}

A nested statement block

int main()
{
  int x=1;

  if (x == 1)
  {
     x++;
  }
  return 0;
}

Other formats

Java programmers typically use a slightly different convention for placing the braces. The opening brace is on the same line as the method declaration:

int main() {
  return 0;
}

int main() {

  int x=1;

  if (x == 1) {
     x++;
  }

  return 0;
}

Visual Basic requires an explicit End statement, as follows:

If x > 0 Then

  y = y + x

End If

For i = 1 To 10

  DoSomething(i)

Next ' or Next i

SQL Server and some other languages use Begin … End blocks

IF y IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
  SELECT * FROM employee WHERE name = y
END

See Also

• Structured programming
• Closure (computer science)

A spike strip (also known as a stinger or stop stick, and formally known as a tire deflation device), is a device used to impede or stop the movement of wheeled vehicles by puncturing their tires. Generally, the strip is composed of a collection of 35 mm to 75 mm (1.5″ to 3″) long metal barbs pointing upward. The barbs are designed to puncture and flatten tires when a vehicle is driven over them.

Spike strips are also used to control access by vehicles. A one-way spike strip will allow a vehicle to travel over it in one direction; the spikes are hinged so that they collapse harmlessly when driven over in one direction, but remain upright when driven in the other.

A light-weight variant used by various police forces is the Stinger. It is manufactured in the United States by Federal Signal Corporation, although it is most well known for its use by British police forces. In the UK it is officially known as HOSTYDS (HOllow-Spike TYre Deflation System). It is designed to be easy to deploy, to puncture all four tires on the pursued vehicle, and to leave no debris which could affect following vehicles. It is packaged in a concertina form, with a tough frame of nylon strips holding pointed steel tubes. In use it is spread out across a surface or even thrown towards approaching vehicles, spreading out during flight. An attached rope makes it easy to regather after use before pursuing vehicles also run over it. The construction of the strip points the spikes into the tires as they pass over, and the spikes then detach and remain in the tires, their hollow construction assisting in the venting of air over 10 to 20 seconds.

Homemade spike strips, cheaply constructed using a steel pipe and common household nails, were banned in Australia in 2003 after being used against a police vehicle. Member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly (presently holding the seat of Ryde) John Watkins, stated they would be added to the New South Wales prohibited weapons list
Ban on home-made road spikes after car chase, The Sydney Morning Herald, December 10, 2003.

See also

• Caltrop

References

External link

• http://stinger-spikes.com/
• http://www.cheshire.police.uk/uploads/policy%20-%20vehicle%20stopping%20device.pdf

Arusha is one of Tanzania’s 26 administrative regions. The regional capital and largest city is Arusha. Other towns include Monduli, just west of Arusha, Longido and Loliondo to the north, Mto Wa Mbu and Karatu to the west and Usa River to thelovely middle east.

The region is a popular tourist destination and is the centre of the Northern Tanzania Safari Circuit. Ngorongoro Crater, in the western part of the region, drew 250,000 visitors in 2004. Nearby national parks include Serengeti (most of which is in Mara Region), Arusha, and Tarangire and Lake Manyara (in Manyara Region). Kilimanjaro (in Kilimanjaro Region) is 44 miles east of Mt. Meru. Remains of a 1,000-year-old stone structure are found at Engaruka in the Great Rift Valley.

The Rift Valley cuts through the middle of the region north-to-south. Oldonyo Lengai (Mountain of God in Maasai language) is an active volcano to the north of Ngorongoro. Altitudes throughout the region vary widely, but much of it ranges from 900 to 1600 metres (3,000 to 5,500 feet in elevation. Mt. Meru, the second highest mountain in Tanzania after Kilimanjaro, peaks at 4,655 metres (14,980 feet).

The city of Arusha is at the southern foot of Mt. Meru. Areas to the south and southeast of the mountain tend to be sufficiently watered and are the most densely populated areas of the region.

Most people here speak Swahili and their tribal language. Many also speak English.

The Maasai are the most influential tribe in the region. The Arusha and Meru people live near Mt. Meru. Rwa, Mbulu, Iraqw, Temi, and Mbugwe are also present in smaller areas. The city of Arusha is currently ungergoing urbanization, which is drawing people of many tribes from throughout the country to live there.

According to the 2002 Tanzania National Census, the population of the Arusha Region was 1,292,973. [1]

The regional commissioner of the Arusha Region is Mohamed A. Babu. [2]

Portions of the former Arusha Region districts of Kiteto, Babati, Mbulu, Hanang, and a tiny piece of Monduli were incorporated into the recently formed Manyara Region — immediately south of Arusha Region.

The Arusha Region contains both the Lelatema Mountains and the Umba Valley.

Districts

The Arusha Region contains 5 districts: Ngorongoro, Monduli, Karatu, Arumeru, and Arusha Districts.

Transportation

Most roads are unpaved, but there are three main paved highways.

The first runs into the region from the east near Kilimanjaro International Airport. It runs east-west through the city of Arusha, then curves northward around Mt. Meru and continues on to Nairobi, Kenya. It is commonly called the Nairobi road.

The second begins in Arusha and goes west, through Kisongo, through Meserani, and past Monduli. After about 50 miles near Mto wa Mbu, it begins curving southward around Lake Manyara and continues on to Babati and Dodoma. It is commonly called the Dodoma roads.

The third is a new highway from the Dodoma road near Mto wa Mbu to Ngorongoro Crater. It accommodates many tourists and passes through Mto wa Mbu and Karatu before ascending to the crater.

Arusha region is landlocked and there are no navigable rivers. The larger lakes in the Rift Valley are not used for transportation.

Kilimanjaro International Airport, which serves the cities Moshi and Arusha, is a gateway for tourists and business. Among its carriers are Air Tanzania, Precision Air, Ethiopian Airlines, Kenya Airways, and KLM.

Most overland travel is done by bus from the city of Arusha. Within town, mini-buses called dala-dalas jockey for passengers.

There are also many “unofficial” taxiing services that center around tourist hubs (hotels and markets for example). As with anything of this nature, it is best to be careful with their services. Usually, the ones offering rides from inside the gate of the hotels are genuine taxi drivers, while those outside may be more suspect.

See also

• Umba Valley

Links

• The School of St Jude

Sources

• Arusha Region Homepage for the 2002 Tanzania National Census
• Tanzanian Government Directory Database
• [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_map.asp?name=TZ&seq=20 Language maps for eastern Tanzania}

Puncture may mean:

• A wound caused by such objects as nails or needles
  • A puncture wound to the lungs may cause tension pneumothorax
  • A puncture wound to the heart may cause cardiac tamponade
• Penetration and leakage of any other object, especially a pneumatic tire. In British English “puncture” is the usual term; in American English a leaking tire is called a “flat”.
• Puncture (band), an English punk band
  
• In coding theory, puncturing is the process of removing some of the bits in a data stream.

Motomaster is a line of automotive products sold exclusively at Canadian Tire stores. Products branded as Motomaster range from small items, such as oil filters and air filters, to larger items, such as the Motomaster line of tires.

In some product classes, Motomaster has created its own sub-brand to distinguish high-end merchandise. ‘Motomaster Eliminator’ identifies premium batteries and power-related products, while ‘Motomaster Roughrider’ is a line of truck tires. ‘Formula 1′ is the name used on premium Motomaster oils and additives.

The Motomaster line has shrunk somewhat in recent years as the store has moved towards brand name products. For example, in early 2003, the line of Motomaster spark plugs was fully discontinued in favour of carrying only brand names such as Champion, NGK and Bosch. In 2004, the Formula 1 line of oil filters was discontinued, and in 2002, the ‘Motomaster 60′ line of batteries was replaced with the more generic ‘Sure Start’. One reason for the graduation reduction of the Motomaster line is the existence of the PartSource chain, of which 63 locations are fully owned and operated by the Canadian Tire Corporation as of May 2007. Though these stores carry many of the same products and share much of their supply chain, there is no formal affiliation between PartSource and Canadian Tire stores.

Although the Motomaster name remains on a wide variety of tires, the selection has shrunk recently. Since 2004, the Sentinel A/S and Touring 160 tires have been discontinued, with no Motomaster replacements expected.

Generally, Motomaster is regarded as the “base” or “starting” quality and price point line.

The Bridgeton and Millville Traction Company was a streetcar company in southern New Jersey.

Interurban lines

In addition to trackage in Bridgeton, the following interurban streetcar lines were operated:

• Bridgeton to Millville along the turnpike between the two towns, which the company also owned
• Bridgeton to Port Norris via Cedarville, along the main roads

History

In 1897, the South Jersey Traction Company was sold at foreclosure to the Bridgeton and Millville Traction Company, which was chartered May 3, 1897. The Bridgeton Rapid Transit Company (5 miles) was leased by the B&M.

The line from Cedarville to Port Norris was built in 1902.

References

• Railroad History Database

VeilSide Company Limited is an aftermarket automotive company which sells suspension, engine tuning, and interior parts, as well as body parts for aerodynamic and aesthetic enhancement of the vehicle.

Based in Japan near the Tsukuba Circuit race course, the company first started trading in 1990. It initially focused on performance tuning, and at the 1991 Tokyo Auto Salon VeilSide took the Grand Prize in the Tuned Car category, an unprecedented success for a debut entry.

The name is derived from the owner’s name, Yokomaku Hiranao. “Yoko” means “side” and “maku” means “veil”, which are compounded to form “VeilSide”.

Hirano was influenced by the 1960s Batmobile and designed along those lines. In 1994, the Supra Combat design was released and took the Grand prize at the Tokyo Auto Salon in the Complete Car category.

In July 1995 VeilSide received Ministry of Transportation authorization for all of the Combat’s aero parts. Following this acceptance VeilSide began to produce a full range of products.

The company made its own wheels available under the VeilSide Andrew Racing Wheels name, and many of their factory cars from the late nineties featured these wheels. As of January, 2006 VeilSide’s website lists all three designs—Andrew Evolution V (18 inch and 19 inch), Andrew Golt Dish (18 inch), and Andrew Dish (18 inch)—as discontinued.

Their aerodynamic parts catalogue was originally based on Japanese models such as the Toyota Supra and Subaru Impreza, although they have since extended their portfolio to include American and European models.

VeilSide manufactures aerodynamic wing mirrors and GT-style wing spoilers and a line of clothing.

Their products have been featured in movies such as The Fast and the Furious.

VeilSide produces a bodykit, “fortune”, which replaces all body panels excepting the roof. It is available for the Mazda RX-7 and Toyota MR2 etc.

Despite being famous for its body kits, the company also provide an engine tuning service and sometime use their cars to compete in Time Attack, drag racing and drifting events such as D1 Grand Prix.

External links

• Veilside official site
• Veilside Japan official site
• Veilside South East Asia

Aero Commander is the name shared by a company and a product of that company:

• Aero Commander (aircraft manufacturer), an American aircraft manufacturer, a subsidiary of Rockwell International
• Aero Commander (aircraft), a brand of aircraft manufactured by Aero Commander

Spencer P. Jones is a New Zealand-born guitarist and songwriter, long based in Melbourne, Australia. As well as his work as a founding member of The Johnnys and The Beasts of Bourbon, he has done several solo albums, and worked with such artists as Nick Cave, Chris Bailey and especially Paul Kelly.

External links

• Discography (Australian Rock Database)
• Spencer P. Jones (Spooky Records)
• Spencer P Jones And The Escape Committee (ABC North Coast NSW, 26 February 2004)

• [1]

Pelican Stadium, also known as Heinemann Park, was a sports stadium in New Orleans, Louisiana, most notably used by the New Orleans Pelicans baseball team from 1915 through 1957.

The Stadium was constructed at the corner of Tulane and Carrollton Avenue in Mid City New Orleans, an area that was only recently being developed thanks to improved drainage. (A short lived amusement park, “White City”, was on the site just before.) The Park spanned 458 feet by 610 feet. The Negro League “Black Pelicans” also played in the park.

It was demolished in 1957, becoming the site of Fountainbleau Hotel, and more recently a storage company and dorms for Xavier University of Louisiana students.

The Galicia class built in Ferrol, are a class of Landing Platform Dock or LPD amphibious warfare ships with a large helicopter deck and a dock for large landing craft. The result of a joint initiative with the Netherlands and Spain and similar to the Royal Netherlands Navy Rotterdam (L800). The SPS Galicia (L51) was commissioned in 1998 and the SPS Castilla (L52) in 2000.

External links

• Naval-technology.com

The Zilog Z280 was an enhancement of the Zilog Z80 architecture introduced in July 1987, basically a slighly improved CMOS version of the earlier NMOS Zilog Z800, both versions were commercial failures. They added a memory management unit (MMU) to expand the addressing range to 16 MB, features for multitasking and multiprocessor and coprocessor configurations, a 256 byte cache, and a huge number of new instructions and addressing modes (giving a total of over 2000 combinations). Its internal clock signal ran at 2 or 4 times the external clock’s speed (e.g. a 16MHz CPU with a 4MHz bus). Later, more successful, enhancements to the Z80-architecture include Hitachi HD64180 and Zilog eZ80, among others. See further Zilog Z800.

Veljekset Keskinen (Keskinen Brothers) is a department store in Tuuri, Töysä, Finland.

What makes the store special is its size despite its very remote location. Over 5 million customers from all over Finland and parts of Russia visit the store each year.

The store has grown from a small family business to be the second biggest department store in Finland. The store is known as a discount outlet with low prices.